initial import

This commit is contained in:
Paolo Asperti 2025-05-09 08:41:19 +02:00
commit f566a5e24d
Signed by: paspo
GPG Key ID: 06D46905D19D5182
17 changed files with 2417 additions and 0 deletions

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slides.html
slides.pdf
node_modules
yarn.lock
package-lock.json

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---
themeSet: ./style
allowLocalFiles: true
engine: ./engine.mjs
# vim:ft=yaml

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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 3, 29 June 2007
Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
libreschool.org
Copyright (C) 2023 LibreSchool
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
libreschool.org Copyright (C) 2023 LibreSchool
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But first, please read <https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.

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COMMON_OPTS :=
PDF_OPTS := --pdf
HTML_OPTS :=
default: slides.html
pdf: slides.pdf
clean: distclean
distclean:
rm -f slides.html slides.pdf
%.html: %.md
marp $(COMMON_OPTS) $(HTML_OPTS) -o $@ $<
%.pdf: %.md
marp $(COMMON_OPTS) $(PDF_OPTS) -o $@ $<
.PHONY: distclean clean

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# Slides per l'evento Linux Day 2025 Spring Edition di LugMan
## rclone: cosa è e cosa può fare per noi
Hands-on su rclone, con esempi pratici e casi d'uso.
## Compilazione slide
Il font principale richiamato nel tema *bglug* è [Atkinson Hyperlegible](https://www.brailleinstitute.org/freefont/). Usa la versione "regular" e la versione "Mono". Alcuni sistemi lo pacchettizzano, altrimenti si possono trovare anche su [Google Fonts](https://fonts.google.com/?query=atkinson).
Clonare il repository, quindi usando `npm` o `yarn` per recuperare le
dipendenze:
# which yarn >/dev/null && yarn install
# which npm >/dev/null && npm install
Installare `marp-cli` con il proprio gestore di pacchetti. Qualora non ci sia
quel pacchetto, eseguire i seguenti comandi:
# yarn add @marp-team/marp-cli
# alias marp='npx marp'
Finalmente, per compilare le slide:
# make # output è file slides.html
# make pdf # output è file slides.pdf

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# rclone demo
## DEMO utilizzo di base
### configurazione di un remoto
TODO: configurare un remoto tipo la nostra claudia
```sh
# esempio con nextcloud
rclone config
# n -> new remote
# prossima-claudia1 -> remote name
# 55 -> WebDAV
# https://cloud.bglug.it/remote.php/dav/files/demo1 -> url
# 2 Nextcloud -> vendor
# demo1 -> user
# demo1@asperti.com -> password
# niente bearer token
# n -> non ci serve modificare la config avanzata
# y -> salvare
# n -> new remote
# prossima-claudia2 -> remote name
# 55 -> WebDAV
# https://cloud.bglug.it/remote.php/dav/files/demo2 -> url
# 2 Nextcloud -> vendor
# demo2 -> user
# demo2@asperti.com -> password
# niente bearer token
# n -> non ci serve modificare la config avanzata
# y -> salvare
```
### mount
```sh
mkdir my_claudia
rclone mount prossima-claudia1:/ ./my_claudia
```
### ncdu
```sh
rclone ncdu prossima-claudia1:
```
### sync
```sh
# one-way
rclone sync prossima-claudia1:/ prossima-claudia2:/ --verbose
# bidirezionale
rclone bisync prossima-claudia1:/ prossima-claudia2:/ --resync --verbose # solo 1 volta
rclone bisync prossima-claudia1:/ prossima-claudia2:/ --verbose # da mettere in cron
```
## DEMO utilizzo avanzato
### combine (unione di più remoti)
```sh
# esempio di unione tra google drive, dropbox, icloud
# si suppone di aver già configurato i remoti gdrive: dropbox: icloud:
rclone config
# n -> new remote
# claudie -> remote name
# 11 -> Combine several remotes into one
# demo1=prossima-claudia1: demo2=prossima-claudia2: -> upstreams
# n -> non ci serve modificare la config avanzata
# y -> salvare
rclone ncdu claudie:
```
### union
```sh
# esempio di unione di 2 remoti, uno in sola lettura e l'altro per le scritture
rclone config
# n -> new remote
# unione -> remote name
# 54 -> Union merges the contents of several upstream fs
# prossima-claudia1:/:ro prossima-claudia2: -> upstreams
# [lasciare vuoto] -> action_policy
# [lasciare vuoto] -> create_policy
# [lasciare vuoto] -> search_policy
# [lasciare vuoto] -> cache_time
# n -> non ci serve modificare la config avanzata
# y -> salvare
rclone ncdu unione:
```
### rcd e web gui
```sh
# lancia la webgui, per configurare i remoti
rclone rcd --rc-web-gui
# rc-serve abilita il "servizio" di remoti
rclone rcd --rc-serve --rc-web-gui --rc-no-auth
# comando al server di fare una sync
rclone rc --rc-no-auth sync/copy srcFs=prossima-claudia1:gianni dstFs=prossima-claudia2:gianni
```
### creazione minio di prova
```sh
# prepariamo un server minio da usare come destinazione
docker run --rm --name minio -p 9000:9000 -p 9001:9001 \
quay.io/minio/minio server /data --console-address ":9001"
# andare su http://127.0.0.1:9001 e loggarsi con minioadmin/minioadmin
# per verificare che tutto sia ok
# configurare rclone
rclone config
# n -> new remote
# miniodemo -> remote name
# 5 -> Amazon S3 Compliant Storage Providers
# 14 -> Minio Object Storage
# 1 -> Enter AWS credentials in the next step.
# access key (minioadmin) ***
# secret key (minioadmin) ***
# empty region
# http://127.0.0.1:9000 -> endpoint
# lasciar vuoto la location
# 1 -> accesso privato
# 1 -> no server side encription
# 1 -> (di conseguenza) non server kms id
# n -> non ci serve modificare la config avanzata
# y -> salvare
# test
rclone ncdu miniodemo:
```
### server (webdav/sftp/...)
```sh
rclone serve http miniodemo: --addr ':8080'
```
---
### server (volumi docker)
```sh
docker plugin list
docker plugin install rclone/docker-volume-rclone:amd64 args="-v" --alias rclone --grant-all-permissions
docker volume create minio1 -d rclone -o type=s3 -o s3-provider=Minio -o s3-endpoint=http://127.0.0.1:9000 \
-o s3-access_key_id=minioadmin -o s3-secret_access_key=minioadmin -o path=volumi/pippo
sudo rclone serve docker --write-back-cache -vv
docker run --rm -ti -v minio1:/test alpine
```
---
## DEMO casi d'uso
### montaggio cartella remota compressa e crittografata
```sh
# NB: usare un rclone recente, ci sono stati bug in passato su queste cose
# creiamo un bucket
rclone mkdir miniodemo:diariosegreto
# aggiungiamo crittografia
rclone config
# n -> new remote
# segreto -> remote name
# 14 -> Encrypt/Decrypt a remote
# miniodemo:diariosegreto -> remote
# 1 -> Encrypt the filenames
# 1 -> Encrypt directory names.
# y -> Yes, type in my own password
# ciccio -> password
# n -> non serve la seconda password
# n -> non ci serve modificare la config avanzata
# y -> salvare
# n -> new remote
# diariocompresso -> remote name
# 12 -> Compress a remote
# segreto: -> remote
# 1 -> Standard gzip compression with fastest parameters.
# n -> non ci serve modificare la config avanzata
# y -> salvare
mkdir diario
rclone mount diariocompresso: diario --daemon
cat > diario/2025-04-27.md <<EOF
Oggi ho mangiato le lasagne e non me ne pento.
EOF
wget -O diario/lasagne.jpg \
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Lasagna_bolognese.jpg/1920px-Lasagna_bolognese.jpg
killall rclone # per smontare
```
### mysqldump pippato su rclone
```sh
# facciam partire un server mariadb con docker
docker run --rm -d --name mariadb -p 3306:3306 \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=ciaociao \
mariadb:11
# database preso da qui: https://github.com/apburton84/data-mysql
git clone https://github.com/apburton84/data-mysql
cd data-mysql/
mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -pciaociao < employees.sql
# un dump veloce di test
mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -pciaociao employees > dump.sql
# creiamo un bucket
rclone mkdir miniodemo:maisicuel
# dump e upload
mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -pciaociao employees | rclone rcat miniodemo:maisicuel/dump.sql
# dump, compressione e upload
mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -pciaociao employees | pigz | rclone rcat miniodemo:maisicuel/dump.sql.gz
```
### backup in docker compose
```yaml
services:
db:
image: mariadb:11
restart: always
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root_password
MYSQL_DATABASE: mydatabase
MYSQL_USER: user_name
MYSQL_PASSWORD: user_password
volumes:
- ./db:/var/lib/mysql
miniodemo:
image: quay.io/minio/minio
restart: always
ports:
- 9000:9000
- 9001:9001
volumes:
- ./miniodemo:/data
command: ["server", "/data", "--console-address", ":9001"]
rclone:
image: rclone/rclone:latest
restart: always
volumes:
- ./rclone:/config
entrypoint: |
/bin/sh -c "
while true ; do
which mysqldump || apk -U add mariadb-client ;
mariadb-dump -h db -u root -proot_password mydatabase | gzip | rclone rcat miniodemo:maisicuel/dump-$(date +'%a').sql.gz --verbose ;
sleep 30;
done
"
```
```sh
cat > rclone/rclone/rclone.conf <<EOF
[demo]
type = s3
provider = Minio
access_key_id = minioadmin
secret_access_key = minioadmin
endpoint = http://miniodemo:9000
acl = private
EOF
```

4
engine.mjs Normal file
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// engine.mjs (ES modules)
import markdownItFontawesome from '@kazumatu981/markdown-it-fontawesome'
export default ({ marp }) => marp.use(markdownItFontawesome)

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{
"dependencies": {
"@marp-team/marp-core": "^4.0.1",
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---
marp: true
theme: kant
# theme: https://cunhapaulo.github.io/style/kant.css
author: Paolo Asperti
title: "rclone: cosa è e cosa può fare per noi"
style: |
div.columns {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: 1rem;
}
paginate: true
footer: "Linux Day 2025 SE - 10/05/2025 - Mantova"
---
# rclone: cosa è e cosa può fare per noi
Paolo Asperti
![height:2cm BgLUG](images/logo_bglug.svg)
Linux Day 2025 Spring Edition
Creative LAB, Lunetta (MN) &mdash; 10 maggio 2025
---
## Agenda
<div class="columns" align="center">
<div>
- che roba è
- differenze rispetto a rsync
- storage systems supportati
- note su installazione
- configurazione
</div>
<div>
- utilizzo di base (+DEMO)
- funzionalità avanzate (+DEMO)
- server / webgui (+DEMO)
- casi d'uso
</div>
</div>
---
## che roba è
Rclone è un tool che ha lo scopo di sincronizzare una directory locale con un repository remoto.
Pensiamolo come un rsync che al posto di avere solo ssh può utilizzare svariati servizi cloud.
---
## differenze rispetto a rsync
- rsync parla solo con rsync (locale o tramite ssh)
- può fare sync anche tra 2 repository remoti
- multithreaded
- rclone: file level / rsync: block level
---
## storage systems supportati
- S3 compatibili
- FTP / webdav
- nextcloud / owncloud
- SFTP
- SMB / CIFS
- mille altri vendor-specific
---
## installazione
Sebbene sia incluso in praticamente tutti i sistemi operativi, alcuni utilizzano versioni piuttosto datate.
(ad esempio debian 12 e ubuntu 22.04 usano rclone 1.60.1, datata 2022)
---
## configurazione
`rclone` permette di avere molti repository configurati in un unico file di configurazione.
Normalmente è possibile copiare questo file di configurazione su un'altra macchina per avere accesso ai medesimi repository.
In alcuni casi le password sono **offuscate**, per scoraggiare i curiosoni; questo non è chiaramente un metodo per salvare i segreti in maniera sicura.
> **Demo**: configurazione di un remoto
---
## mount
E' possibile montare un remoto su una cartella locale.
Il processo di `rclone` deve rimanere attivo.
> **Demo**: montaggio di un remoto
---
## ncdu
- per rispondere alla domanda: "ma cosa sta consumando tutto questo spazio?"
- per controllare rapidamente se la configurazione di un remoto è corretta
> **Demo**: ncdu
---
## sync
Siete qui per questo
> **Demo**: sync
---
## compressione
Prima si crea la configurazione di uno storage remoto e poi si applica sopra a questa un layer di compressione.
In pratica è un nuovo remoto che si appoggia ad un remoto esistente.
Al momento, il solo metodo di compressione supportato è `gzip`.
---
## crittografia (client-side encryption)
Come per la compressione, prima si crea la configurazione di uno storage remoto e poi si applica sopra a questa un layer di crittografia.
note:
- è possibile scegliere se crittografare i nomi di files e directory o meno
- i nomi dei files crittografati hanno un limite di lunghezza
- il timestamp di modifica dei files non è crittografato (ed è usato per la sincronizzazione)
- la dimensione dei files non è crittografata
- usando la crittografia, non vengono salvati gli hash dei files
---
## combine (unione di più remoti)
Serve a creare un remoto in cui altri remoti sono visibili attraverso sottocartelle.
> **Demo**: combine di più remoti
---
## union
A differenza di `combine`, qui i remoti sono sovrapposti; il risultato è che l'elenco dei files è la "somma" dei remoti combinati.
A volte è poco intuitivo capire dove vanno a finire i files scritti.
> **Demo**: union di più remoti
---
### rcd e web gui
Il server rcd è comodo anche solo per configurare...
Fondamentalmente si usa per spostare in remoto le varie operazioni.
Ascolta su un socket o su una porta (default: `http://localhost:5572/`).
> **Demo**: rcd
---
## server (webdav/sftp/...)
Serve il contenuto di un remoto via http sulla porta 8080 (default)
> **Demo**: serve http
---
## server (volumi docker)
Utilizza un remoto come storage per il provisioning di volumi docker
> **Demo**: serve docker
---
## esempi di utilizzo
- montaggio cartella remota compressa e crittografata
- mysqldump pippato su rclone
- backup in docker compose
> **Demo**: casi d'uso
---
## Riferimenti
Queste slides saranno presto disponibili sul sito BgLUG:
[https://bglug.it/](https://bglug.it/)

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/* @theme orwell */
/*
============================================
Created by Paulo Cunha
version: 1.0
last update: 28.mar.2024
============================================
*/
/* Importing COLOR SCHEMA */
@import "default";
@import "schema";
@import "structure";
/*-----------------------------------------------*/
/* Importing Font */
/* Font Credit: htts://https://www.cdnfonts.com/ */
/*-----------------------------------------------*/
/* @import url('https://fonts.cdnfonts.com/css/libre-bodoni-2'); */
@import url('https://fonts.cdnfonts.com/css/faustina-2');
/* @import url('https://fonts.cdnfonts.com/css/joan-2'); */
@import url('https://fonts.cdnfonts.com/css/fira-sans-condensed?styles=19730');
@import url('https://fonts.cdnfonts.com/css/noto-serif-thai');
/* -------------------- ROOT -------------------------------*/
:root {
/* Default items */
/* --default-font-family: 'Bookerly', 'Noto Serif Thai', 'Joan', 'Faustina', 'Libre Bodoni', sans-serif; */
--default-font-family: 'Bookerly', 'Noto Serif Thai', sans-serif;
--default-font-weight: initial;
--default-font-size: 22pt !important;
--default-font-color: #303155;
--default-letter-spacing: -0.4px;
--default-background-color: #fdf8ed ;
/* Paragraph */
--p-color: rgba(4, 20, 41, 0.814);
--p-font-size: 112%;
--p-font-weight: 500;
--p-line-height: 112%;
/* Title Page */
--titlepage-title-font-family: inherit;
--titlepage-subtitle-font-family: 'Fira Sans Condensed';
--titlepage-title-font-size: 32pt;
--titlepage-title-padding-bottom: 6pt;
/* Strong */
--strong-padding-left: 2px;
--strong-padding-right: 2px;
--strong-font-weight: 600;
/* Bold */
--bold-color: rgb(255, 8x, 0);
--bold-color: #e70000;
/* Italic */
--italic-color: #ffffff;
--italic-background-color: #ee0909;
/* Cool-List */
--cool-list-color: rgb(233, 26, 11);
/* H1 */
--h1-color: #32446b;
--h1-font-family: 'Fira Sans condensed';
--h1-font-size: 36pt;
--h1-font-weight: 900;
--h1-padding-bottom: 2mm;
--h1-margin-bottom: 10mm;
--h1-border-bottom: 1px solid orangered;
/* Code */
--code-background-color: rgba(206, 252, 0, 0.877);
--code-font-family: inherit;
--code-font-color: rgb(10, 10, 10);
--code-font-size: inherit;
--code-font-weight: 600;
--code-padding-left: 16px;
--code-padding-right: 16px;
--code-border-radius: 13pt;
/* List Item <li> */
--li-font-size: 22pt;
--li-hover-font-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
--li-hover-background-color: rgba(10, 10, 10, 0.089);
/* Transition */
--transition-em-background-color: #264b97c5;
--transition-background-color: #7389c4;
/* Transition2 */
--transition2-em-background-color: #d63d00e3;
--transition2-background-color: #ee7614;
/* --transition2-em-background-color: #a3343494;
--transition2-background-color: #df8379; */
}
:root {
font-family: var(--default-font-family);
font-weight: var(--default-font-weight);
font-size: var(--default-font-size);
background-color: var(--default-background-color);
color: var(--default-font-color);
font-kerning: auto !important;
letter-spacing: var(--default-letter-spacing);
}
/* ----------------------- TITLE PAGE -------------------------------*/
section.titlepage .title {
font-family: var(--titlepage-title-font-family);
font-size: var(--titlepage-title-font-size);
border-bottom: var(--h1-border-bottom);
padding-bottom: var(--titlepage-title-padding-bottom);
}
section.titlepage .subtitle {
font-family: var(--titlepage-subtitle-font-family);
}
section.titlepage h1 {
font-family: var(--titlepage-title-font-family) !important;
font-size: var(--titlepage-title-font-size) !important;
padding-bottom: var(--titlepage-title-padding-bottom) !important;
}
section.titlepage h2 {
line-height: 0pt !important;
font-family: var(--titlepage-subtitle-font-family);
padding-bottom: 150pt !important;
}
section.titlepage .author,
section.titlepage .date,
section.titlepage .organization {
text-align: left;
}
/* -------------------- H1 -------------------------------*/
h1 {
font-family: var(--h1-font-family);
font-weight: var(--h1-font-weight);
font-size: var(--h1-font-size);
color: var(--h1-color);
padding-bottom: var(--h1-padding-bottom);
margin-bottom: var(--h1-margin-bottom);
border-bottom: var(--h1-border-bottom);
}
/* ------------------- PARAGRAPH ------------------------*/
p {
font-size: var(--p-font-size);
font-weight: var(--p-font-weight);
color: var(--p-color);
line-height: var(--p-line-height) !important;
}
/* ----------------- LIST ITEM ------------------------*/
li {
font-size: var(--li-font-size) !important;
}
li:hover {
background-color: var(--li-hover-background-color);
color: var(--li-hover-font-color);
}
/* --------------------- STRONG -------------------------*/
strong {
color: var(--bold-color) !important;
padding-left: var(--strong-padding-left);
padding-right: var(--strong-padding-right);
font-weight: var(--strong-font-weight);
}
/* ----------------------- CODE -------------------------------*/
section code {
font-family: var(--code-font-family);
font-size: var(--code-font-size);
font-weight: var(--code-font-weight) !important;
background-color: var(--code-background-color);
color: var(--code-font-color) !important;
padding-left: var(--code-padding-left) !important;
padding-right: var(--code-padding-right) !important;
border-end-start-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
border-start-end-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
border-end-end-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
border-start-start-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
}
/* -------------------- TRANSITION -------------------------------*/
section.transition {
background-color: var(--transition-background-color) !important;
}
section.transition em{
color: unset !important;
background-color: var(--transition-em-background-color);
font-family: unset;
font-weight: unset;
font-style: italic;
padding-left: var(--code-padding-left) !important;
padding-right: var(--code-padding-right) !important;
border-end-start-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
border-start-end-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
border-end-end-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
border-start-start-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
}
section.transition strong {
color: unset !important;
}
/* -------------------- TRANSITION2 -------------------------------*/
section.transition2 {
background-color: var(--transition2-background-color) !important;
}
section.transition2 strong {
color: unset !important;
}
section.transition2 em {
background-color: var(--transition2-em-background-color) !important;
color: unset !important;
background-color: unset;
font-family: unset;
font-weight: unset;
font-style: italic;
padding-left: var(--code-padding-left) !important;
padding-right: var(--code-padding-right) !important;
border-end-start-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
border-start-end-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
border-end-end-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
border-start-start-radius: var(--code-border-radius);
}
/* -------------------- BIBLIO -------------------------------*/
section.biblio {
font-family: var(--default-font-family) !important;
--border-color: #424b52;
--biblio-background-color: #b8c2f9;
--text-color: #000000;
--bold-color: #4760ff;
}
/* -------------------- COLUMNS -------------------------------*/
section.columns ul,
section.columns ol,
section.columns li {
color: var(--default-font-color);
font-family: var(--default-font-family);
font-size: 28px !important;
font-weight: 400;
}
/* ----------------------- CITE -------------------------------*/
section.cite {
background-color: #9aade2;
}
section.cite p{
color: rgb(34, 34, 48) !important;
font-family: 'Faustina';
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 34pt !important;
}
section.cite strong{
color: rgb(248, 248, 247) !important;
}

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/* @theme bglug */
@import "kant";
@import 'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.4.0/css/all.min.css';
:root {
font-family: Atkinson Hyperlegible;
font-weight: initial;
--fontStack-monospace: Atkinson Hyperlegible Mono;
}
h6 img {
vertical-align: middle;
}
section em {
color: inherit;
background-color: transparent;
font-family: 'Atkinson Hyperlegible';
font-weight: inherit;
font-style: italic;
padding: 0px;
}
section a {
color: var(--bold-color);
text-decoration: underline;
}
div.columns {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: 1rem;
}

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/* @theme kant */
/*
============================================
Created by Paulo Cunha
version: 1.0
last update: 30.dez.2021
============================================
*/
/* Importing COLOR SCHEMA */
@import "default";
@import "schema";
@import "structure";
/* Importing Font */
/* Font Credit: htts://https://www.cdnfonts.com/ */
/* @import url('https://fonts.cdnfonts.com/css/fira-sans-condensed?styles=19730'); */
/* @import url('https://fonts.cdnfonts.com/css/fira-sans-condensed');*/
@import url('https://fonts.cdnfonts.com/css/fira-sans-book');
/***************** COMMON STRUCTURE **********************/
:root {
/* font-family: 'Fira Sans Book'; */
font-family: 'Fira Sans Light';
font-weight: initial;
}
section.titlepage .author,
section.titlepage .date,
section.titlepage .organization {
text-align: left;
}

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/* @theme schema */
/* Last update: 23.jun.2023
30.dez.2021
*/
/* -------------------- ROOT ----------------------------------*/
:root {
/* --subtitle-color : #586e75; */
--subtitle-color: #93a1a1;
--h1-color: black;
--border-color: #e99211;
--bold-color: orangered;
--italic-color: black;
--italic-background-color: rgba(255, 210, 8, 0.713);
--background-color: #fdf6e3;
--list-item-color: rgb(50, 56, 56);
--after-color: rgb(255, 39, 1);
--main-color: rgb(207, 77, 17);
--darker-color: #246;
--lighter-color: #080a0a;
--extra-back-color: rgb(175, 172, 173);
--letter-spacing: 0.125px;
--cool-list-color: orangered;
--author-align: right;
--blockquote-strong: rgb(255, 1, 1);
/*------------ table colors --------------------------*/
--table-header-color: rgb(28, 36, 43);
--table-header-font-color: white;
--table-border-top: rgb(97, 96, 96);
--table-border-bottom: rgba(97, 97, 96, 0.315);
--table-nth-child-color: #eef1f3;
/* --table-hover-background-color: rgb(245, 253, 230); */
--table-hover-background-color: rgb(252, 11, 11);
/* --table-hover-color: black; */
--table-hover-color: white;
}
/* -------------------- TRANSITION ---------------------------------*/
section.transition {
--transitionpage-color: orangered;
}
/* -------------------- BIBLIO -------------------------------*/
section.biblio {
--text-color: white;
--biblio-background-color: rgb(11, 50, 175);
--border-color: darkorange;
--bold-color: orange;
}
/* ------------------- TITLEPAGE -----------------------------*/
section.titlepage {
/* fonts sizes */
--title-size: 150%;
--subtitle-size: 110%;
--author-size: 110%;
--date-size: 110%;
--institute-size: 90%;
--letter-spacing: 0.125px;
/* font weights */
--title-font-weight: 600;
--subtitle-font-weight: 600;
/* colors in style */
--title-color: #ee0d0d;
--title-color: #4d7baf;
--title-color: #0a67f1;
--title-color: #002b36;
--titlepage-color: #242d31;
--background-color: #faf7f7;
--border-color: #f0cf9e;
--border-color: #b5c9ee;
--border-color: #8aa6da;
--border-color: #6c71c4;
--border-color: #e99211;
}
/* ------------------- CITE -----------------------------*/
section.cite {
--background-color: #fdf6e3;
--strong-color: rgb(182, 112, 27);
}

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/* @theme simple */
@import "default";
/* Add "Page" prefix and total page number */
section::after {
content: "pág. " attr(data-marpit-pagination) " / " attr(data-marpit-pagination-total);
color: rgba(207, 201, 201, 0.952);
}
section p {
margin-bottom: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
}
section li {
margin-top: 0.6em;
margin-bottom: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
font-size:100%;
color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.959);
}
h1 {
text-align: center;
color: darkslateblue;
}
.columns {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: 1rem;
justify-content: center !important;
}
/******************* lead *****************************/
/* lead class: first slide in a section. Use h1 as header.
Use: <!-- _class: lead --> */
section.lead {
background-color: orangered;
text-align: center;
color: white;
padding-top: auto;
padding-buttom: auto;
}
section.lead h1, section.lead h2, section.lead p, section.lead a {
color: white;
font-size: 200%
}
section.lead footer, section.lead header, section.lead:after {
/* hide header, footer and pagination */
display: none;
}

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/* @theme structure */
/*
============================================
Created by Paulo Cunha
version: 1.75
update: 06.mai.2024
update: 23.jun.2023
update: 12.mai.2022
update: 30.dez.2021
============================================
You may use freely (MIT license) provided
due credits are granted to the authors.
CLASSES:
<!-- _class: biblio -->
<!-- _class: blockquote -->
<!-- _class: cite -->
<!-- _class: columns -->
<!-- _class: columns3 -->
<!-- _class: columns-center -->
<!-- _class: columns3-center -->
<!-- _class: cool-list -->
<!-- _class: cool-list2 -->
<!-- _class: table -->
<!-- _class: transition -->
<!-- _class: titlepage -->
Credits: https://catalin.red/css3-ordered-list-styles/
for cool-list anda cool-list2.
*/
/***************** COMMON STRUCTURE **********************/
h1 {
color: var(--h1-color);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}
section p {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.25em;
line-height: 1.3em;
font-size: 32px;
}
section li {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.25em;
line-height: 1.2em;
font-size: 105%;
color: val(--list-item-color);
}
section li:hover {
/* margin-top: 1em; */
/* margin-bottom: 1em; */
/* font-size: 150% !important; */
/* font-weight: 600 !important; */
/* color: #000000 !important; */
/* border: 1px solid rgb(8, 8, 8); */
background-color: rgb(250, 233, 2);
color: black !important;
background-color: rgb(208, 253, 6);
border-end-start-radius: 10pt;
border-start-end-radius: 10pt;
border-end-end-radius: 10pt;
border-start-start-radius: 10pt;
}
/* Definition for emphasis */
section em {
color: var(--italic-color);
background: var(--italic-background-color);
font-style: normal;
font-weight: bold;
font-family: sans-serif;
padding-top: 6px;
padding-left: 6px;
padding-right: 6px;
padding-bottom: 6px;
}
/* Definition for bold text */
section strong {
color: var(--bold-color);
padding-left: 5px;
padding-right: 5px;
font-weight: 600;
}
section figcaption{
font-size: 80%;
padding-top: 16px;
/* text-align: center; */
}
/* May append some string to page number */
/* Uses format "page-number / total pages" */
section::after {
color: rgb(51, 59, 77);
font-size: 0.8em;
content: ' ' attr(data-marpit-pagination) '/'
attr(data-marpit-pagination-total) ' ';
}
.small {
font-size: 24px;
}
/**------------------- TABLE -----------------------------*/
/*
Tables are always centered.
Credits: Juan Vera del Campo
Locus: https://github.com/Juanvvc
*/
section table {
margin-top: 40px;
/* width: auto; (24.01.2025 paulo.cunha) */
border: 0;
font-size: 24px;
margin-right: auto !important;
margin-left: auto !important;
}
section table th {
background-color: var(--table-header-color);
color: var(--table-header-font-color);
border: 1;
border-top: var(--table-border-top) solid 2px;
}
section table td {
border: 0;
}
section table tr:nth-child(2) {
background-color: #c4c6c6;
}
section table tr:last-child {
border-bottom: var(--table-border-bottom) solid 1px;
}
tr:nth-child(even) {
background-color: var(--table-nth-child-color) !important;
}
tr:hover {
color: var(--table-hover-color) !important;
background-color: var(--table-hover-background-color) !important;
font-weight: bold !important;
}
/**------------------- BLOCK QUOTE -----------------------------*/
/*
Block quote: used for footnote
substitution. Use as the last
element of a slide.
*/
section blockquote {
color: rgb(66, 66, 66);
font-size: 20px;
border-top: 0.1em dashed var(--extra-back-color);
margin-top: auto;
}
section blockquote p {
font-size: 1.12em !important;
letter-spacing: -0.5px !important;
}
section blockquote strong {
color: var(--blockquote-strong);
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.11em !important;
letter-spacing: -0.5px !important;
}
/**------------------- COLUMNS -----------------------------*/
/*
Adds two-columns class
*/
.columns {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: 0.5rem;
/* justify-content: center !important; */
}
.columns p {
margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.25em;
line-height: 1.16em;
font-size: 30px;
}
.columns ol,
ul {
margin-top: 0.15em;
margin-bottom: 0.25em;
line-height: 1.73em !important;
font-size: 26px;
color: var();
}
/**------------------- COLUMNS CENTER ---------------------*/
/*
/*
Adds two-columns with centered contens class
*/
.columns-center {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: 1rem;
justify-items: center;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
/**------------------- THREE-COLUMNS -----------------------------*/
/*
Adds three-columns class
*/
.columns3 {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: 1rem;
/* justify-content: center !important; */
}
/**------------------- THREE-COLUMNS-CENTER ---------------------*/
/*
Adds three-columns with centered contens class
*/
.columns3-center {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: 1rem;
justify-items: center;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
/**------------------- TITLEPAGE -----------------------------*/
/*
Title Page Class: first slide in a deck.
Use:
<!-- _class: titlepage -->
# TTILE
## SUBTITLE
### AUTHOR
#### DATE
##### INSTITUTION
*/
section.titlepage {
background-color: var(--background-color);
}
/*
Titlepage informations
*/
section.titlepage .title {
font-size: var(--title-size);
font-weight: var(--title-font-weight);
color: var(--title-color);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
line-height: 1.2;
padding-bottom: 15px;
}
section.titlepage .subtitle {
font-size: var(--subtitle-size);
font-weight: var(--subtitle-font-weight);
line-height: 1.2;
color: var(--subtitle-color);
padding-top: 10px;
padding-bottom: 120px;
letter-spacing: var(--letter-spacing);
}
section.titlepage .author {
font-size: var(--author-size);
}
section.titlepage .date {
font-size: var(--date-size);
}
section.titlepage .organization {
font-size: var(--institute-size);
}
section.titlepage .author,
section.titlepage .date,
section.titlepage .organization {
font-weight: 400;
text-align: right;
color: var(--titlepage-color);
line-height: 1.25;
}
section.titlepage h3,
section.titlepage h4,
section.titlepage h5 {
font-weight: 400;
text-align: right;
color: var(--titlepage-color);
line-height: 0.45;
letter-spacing: var(--letter-spacing);
}
section.titlepage h1 {
font-size: var(--title-size) !important;
font-weight: var(--title-font-weight) !important;
text-align: left;
color: var(--title-color) !important;
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color) !important;
line-height: 1.25;
/* padding-right: 20%; */
}
section.titlepage h2 {
font-size: var(--subtitle-size);
font-weight: var(--subtitle-font-weight);
text-align: left;
color: var(--subtitle-color) !important;
letter-spacing: var(--letter-spacing);
line-height: 1.2;
margin-top: -0.2em;
padding-bottom: 95px;
}
section.titlepage h3 {
font-size: var(--author-size);
}
section.titlepage h4 {
font-size: var(--date-size);
}
section.titlepage h5 {
font-size: var(--institute-size);
}
/* Omits page number in Title Page Slide */
section.titlepage footer,
section.titlepage header,
section.titlepage:after {
/* hide header, footer and pagination */
display: none;
}
/**------------------- TRANSITION -----------------------------*/
/*
transition class: first slide in a section. Use h1 as header.
Use:
<!-- _class: transition -->
# Header
*/
section.transition {
background-color: var(--transitionpage-color);
text-align: center !important;
font-weight: bold;
color: white;
padding-top: auto;
padding-buttom: auto;
}
section.transition h1,
section.transition h2,
section.transition p,
section.transition a {
color: rgb(243, 229, 212);
font-size: 200%;
border-bottom: none;
}
section.transition footer,
section.transition header,
section.transition:after {
/* hide header, footer and pagination */
display: none;
}
/**------------------- TRANSITION2 -----------------------------*/
/*
transition2 class: first slide in a section. Use h1 as header.
Use:
<!-- _class: transition2 -->
# Header
*/
section.transition2 {
background-color: rgb(137, 173, 207);
text-align: center !important;
font-weight: bold !important;
color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
padding-top: auto;
padding-buttom: auto;
}
section.transition2 h1,
section.transition2 h2,
section.transition2 p,
section.transition2 a {
color: rgb(217, 235, 247);
font-size: 200%;
border-bottom: none;
}
section.transition2 em {
background-color: rgb(60, 255, 0) !important;
}
section.transition2 footer,
section.transition2 header,
section.transition2:after {
/* hide header, footer and pagination */
display: none;
}
/**------------------- TRANSITION3 -----------------------------*/
/*
transition2 class: first slide in a section. Use h1 as header.
Use:
<!-- _class: transition3 -->
# Header
*/
section.transition3 {
background-color: rgb(66, 69, 71);
text-align: center !important;
font-weight: bold !important;
color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
padding-top: auto;
padding-buttom: auto;
}
section.transition3 h1,
section.transition3 h2,
section.transition3 p,
section.transition3 a {
color: rgb(244, 247, 217);
font-size: 200%;
border-bottom: none;
}
section.transition3 em {
background-color: rgb(60, 255, 0) !important;
}
section.transition3 strong {
color: rgb(71, 83, 90);
}
section.transition3 footer,
section.transition3 header,
section.transition3:after {
/* hide header, footer and pagination */
display: none;
}
/**------------------- CITE -----------------------------*/
/*
cite class: slide containg a citation
Use:
<!-- _class: cite -->
Text
*/
section.cite {
background-color: var(--background-color);
}
section.cite p {
color: black;
background-color: ;
letter-spacing: var(--letter-spacing);
font-size: 150%;
text-align: center;
line-height: 1.2em;
font-family: Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;
/* font-style: oblique; */
padding-top: auto;
padding-bottom: auto;
padding-left: 100px;
padding-right: 100px;
}
section.cite strong {
color: var(--strong-color);
}
/* Omits page number in Title Page Slide */
section.cite footer,
section.cite header,
section.cite:after {
/* hide header, footer and pagination */
display: none;
}
/**------------------- BIBLIO -----------------------------*/
/*
slides containg bibliography
Use:
<!-- _class: biblio -->
# References
1. Item one
2. Item two
*/
section.biblio {
background-color: var(--biblio-background-color);
}
section.biblio p {
color: var(--text-color);
font-size: 80%;
font-weight: 300;
padding-left: 5px;
}
section.biblio h1 {
font-size: 35px;
color: var(--text-color);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}
section.biblio strong {
color: var(--bold-color);
}
section.biblio a {
font-size: 31px;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--bold-color);
}
section.biblio li {
color: var(--text-color);
}
section.biblio footer,
section.biblio header,
section.biblio:after {
/* hide header, footer and pagination */
display: none;
}
/**------------------- COOL-LIST -----------------------------**/
/*
Credits: https://catalin.red/css3-ordered-list-styles/
Use:
<!-- _class: cool-list -->
1. *Item One*
1. *Item two*
1. *Item two.one*
1. *Item two.two*
1. *Item two.three*
1. *Item Three*
*/
section.cool-list ol {
counter-reset: li;
/* Initiate a counter */
list-style: none;
/* Remove default numbering */
padding: 0;
/*text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.5);*/
}
section.cool-list li {
margin-bottom: 0.1em !important;
margin-top: 0.1em !important;
}
section.cool-list ol>li>em,
section.cool-list>ol>li>a {
position: relative;
display: block;
padding: 0.4em 0.4em 0.4em 2em;
margin: 0.5em 0;
background: #ddd;
color: #444;
text-decoration: none;
border-radius: 0.3em;
transition: all 0.3s ease-out;
font-style: normal;
}
section.cool-list ol>li>em:before,
section.cool-list>ol>li>a:before {
content: counter(li);
counter-increment: li;
position: absolute;
left: -1.3em;
top: 50%;
margin-top: -1.3em;
background: var(--cool-list-color);
height: 2em;
width: 2em;
line-height: 2em;
border: 0.3em solid #fff;
text-align: center;
font-weight: normal;
border-radius: 2em;
transition: all 0.3s ease-out;
color: white;
}
section.cool-list>ol>li>em:hover,
section.cool-list>ol>li>a:hover {
background: #eee;
font-weight: bolder;
}
/* Rotating effect */
/*
section.cool-list ol > li > em:hover:before,section.cool-list ol > li > a:hover:before{
transform: rotate(360deg);
}*/
/* Lists inside lists */
section.cool-list>ol ol {
margin: 0 0 0 2em;
/* Add some left margin for inner lists */
font-size: 75%;
counter-reset: li2;
/* Initiate a counter */
}
section.cool-list>ol ol>li>em:before,
section.cool-list>ol ol>li>a:before {
content: counter(li2);
counter-increment: li2;
}
section.cool-list>ol>li>ul {
list-style-type: disc;
margin: 0 0 0 1em;
font-size: 75%;
}
section.cool-list>ol ol>li>em {
background: #efefef;
}
/******************* cool-list2 *****************************/
/*
Credits: https://catalin.red/css3-ordered-list-styles/
Use:
<!-- _class: cool-list2 -->
1. *Item One*
1. *Item two*
1. *Item two.one*
1. *Item two.two*
1. *Item two.three*
1. *Item Three*
*/
section.cool-list2 ol {
counter-reset: li;
/* Initiate a counter */
list-style: none;
/* Remove default numbering */
padding: 0;
text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
}
section.cool-list2 ol ol {
margin: 0 0 0 2em;
/* Add some left margin for inner lists */
}
section.cool-list2 ol li em {
position: relative;
display: block;
padding: 0.4em 0.4em 0.4em 0.8em;
margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 2.5em;
background: #ddd;
color: #444;
text-decoration: none;
transition: all 0.3s ease-out;
font-style: normal;
}
section.cool-list2 ol li em:hover {
background: #eee;
font-weight: bolder;
}
section.cool-list2 ol li em:before {
content: counter(li);
counter-increment: li;
position: absolute;
left: -2.5em;
top: 50%;
margin-top: -1em;
/* background: #fa8072; */
background: var(--lighter-color);
height: 2em;
width: 2em;
line-height: 2em;
text-align: center;
font-weight: bold;
}
section.cool-list2 ol li em:after {
position: absolute;
content: '';
border: 0.5em solid transparent;
left: -1em;
top: 50%;
margin-top: -0.5em;
transition: all 0.3s ease-out;
}
section.cool-list2 ol li em:hover:after {
left: -0.5em;
/* border-left-color: #fa8072; */
border-left-color: var(--lighter-color);
}
/* Lists inside lists */
section.cool-list2 ol ol {
margin: 0 0 0 2em;
/* Add some left margin for inner lists */
font-size: 75%;
counter-reset: li2;
/* Initiate a counter */
}
section.cool-list2 ol ol>li>em:before,
section.cool-list2 ol ol>li>a:before {
content: counter(li2);
counter-increment: li2;
background: lightgray;
}
section.cool-list2 ol ul {
list-style-type: disc;
margin: 0 0 0 1em;
font-size: 75%;
}
section.cool-list2 ol ol em {
background: #efefef;
}
/**------------------- POSITIONING - new 08.04.2025 -----------------------------*/
.topleft {
position: absolute;
top: 38px;
left: 26px;
}
.topright {
position: absolute;
top: 38px;
right: 26px;
}
.bottomleft {
position: absolute;
bottom: 38px;
left: 26px;
}
.bottomright {
position: absolute;
bottom: 38px;
right: 26px;
}
.centered {
position: absolute;
left: 0px;
right: 0pt;
top: 50%;
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
.center {
text-align: center;
}
.right {
text-align: right;
}